Carcinogenic Chemical Agents *
نویسنده
چکیده
Cancer is a disease which has long been shrouded in mystery, but our knowledge of its intricacies has been extended in numerous directions by investigations carried on in all parts of the world by workers in many branches of science. Yet it remains true that in general we are not able to explain the origin of cancer, and the methods of treatment at present available are pitifully inadequate. These facts provide ample justification for the most painstaking and persistent pursuit, with all the resources that can be brought to bear upon them, of any clues that may be forthcoming, however slender and unpromising they may seem to be. One of the most fruitful lines of cancer research in recent years has provided the demonstration that cancer may be produced at will in a majority of the animals treated, with a variety of chemical compounds. For the most part these compounds have been prepared synthetically and their molecular structure is known. They retain their activity undiminished after a high degree of purification. The cancers which may thus be induced experimentally are indistinguishable in their characteristics from the cancers which afflict mankind. Histologically they conform to many different types; they can arise in a variety of organs in the body, and they show the accepted criteria of malignancy, such as invasion of normal tissue and the production of secondary growths. We are not, of course, justified in inferring from this that human cancer is of chemical origin. All we can say is that there are a large number of experimental observations which are consistent with the view that the factor which initiates the onset of malignancy may in some cases be a chemical compound or compounds. Indeed, it is now an established fact that the aestrogenic hormones, which are relatively simple chemical compounds of normal occurrence in the body, can play a role in the xtiology of certain specific types of experimental cancer, namely, carcinoma of the mamma in mice. In some circumstances, however, it seems likely that hereditary factors play an even greater part in this form of cancer and it would be premature to suggest that excessive secre-
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
دوره 11 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1938